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Journal of Family Issues
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Market Child Care Versus Care by Relatives

Choices Made by Employed and Nonemployed Mothers

KAREN KUHLTHAU

Massachusetts General Hospital

KAREN OPPENHEIM MASON

East-West Center, Honolulu, HI

We study the determinants of whether mothers of preschool-aged children use market child care versus care by relatives to assess the importance of economics versus preferences. The evidence suggests that employed mothers turn to relatives for child care partly out of preference, not just because relatives are inexpensive. Public policies that encourage the use of relatives for child care might therefore increase parental satisfaction and quality of care. The analysis finds substantially similar results for African American and other women, but the results for employed mothers differ from those for nonemployed women, who appear to use child care primarily to enhance child development.

Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 17, No. 4, 561-578 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/019251396017004007
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