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Journal of Family Issues
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Policy Innovation in a Cold Climate

The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993

SONJA KLUECK ELISON

Gonzaga University

The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) was the culmination of 8 years of conflict and compromise. Whether this legislation was caused by socioeconomic change, interest group pressure, or party politics is the question current research has addressed. Although socioeconomic change exerted pressures on citizens, that pressure could not be translated into policy enactment without the mobilization of interest groups and politicians in an effective issue network. By examining closely three dimensions of the FMLA—the duration, scope, and remuneration—it is possible to specify causes of successful policy enactment. The breadth of the coalition fighting for the for the FMLA, and their ideological cohesiveness, presented a powerful front to legislators who were being pressured by business and Republican leaders to fight the bill. Even within a hostile political climate, interest group cohesion and strategic alliances allowed policy attainment.

Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 18, No. 1, 30-54 (1997)
DOI: 10.1177/019251397018001003
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