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Journal of Family Issues
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Paternal Participation in Child Care and Its Effects on Children's Self-Esteem and Attitudes Toward Gendered Roles

FRANCINE M. DEUTSCH

Mount Holyoke College

LAURA J. SERVIS

Mount Holyoke College

JESSICA D. PAYNE

Mount Holyoke College

Interviews with forty 10- and 11-year-old children (24 boys and 16 girls) investigated the effects of parents' division of child care responsibilities on children's self-esteem, their relationships with parents, and their gendered ideas and preferences. Children whose fathers participated relatively more in the emotional side of parenting (e.g., comforting) showed greater preferences for "feminine" activities and had higher self-esteem than children whose fathers were less involved. Children whose fathers performed a higher proportion of the "work" of parenting (e.g., transporting, planning activities, and arranging child care) endorsed a more gender-free model of family life. The absolute amount of time fathers spent with children had no independent significant effects. Egalitarian parenting clearly benefits children when fathers share "maternal" tasks, but even when fathers do not fully participate in those "maternal" aspects of parenting, dividing the time 50-50 may benefit mothers without hurting children.

Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 22, No. 8, 1000-1024 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/019251301022008003


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R. C. Barnett and K. C. Gareis
Shift Work, Parenting Behaviors, and Children's Socioemotional Well-Being: A Within-Family Study
Journal of Family Issues, June 1, 2007; 28(6): 727 - 748.
[Abstract] [PDF]