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Maternal Labor Force Participation and Child Well-Being in Public Assistance Families

Claudia Peck-Heath

University of Kentucky

This study investigated the relationship between maternal labor force participation and the general health and school performance of school-age children in public assistance families. Data were obtained from face-to-face interviews with 97 mothers drawn froma random sample of public assistance recipients in one community. Using a measure of maternal labor force participation over the course of several years, logistic regression analysis revealed positive, but complex, relationships. Children whose mothers had recent, current, or long-term employment were in better health than children whose mothers had been unemployed for more than 2 years. Children’s school performancewas positively associated with either long-term unemployment or long-term employment, suggesting that the stability of maternal labor force participation, rather than work status per se, was an important factor. The study maintains a needed focus on child outcomes and provides an important conceptualization of maternal labor force participation for use in future welfare reform studies.

Key Words: child well-being • maternal employment and welfare • child well-being and welfare • maternal employment and child well-being

Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 25, No. 4, 520-541 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0192513X03257761


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