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Journal of Family Issues
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Employee, Partner, and Mother

Woman's Three Roles and Their Implications for Health

Elisa Kostiainen

National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, elisa.kostiainen{at}thl.fi

Tuija Martelin

National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Laura Kestilä

National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Pekka Martikainen

University of Helsinki, Finland

Seppo Koskinen

National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

A large number of Western women today occupy the roles of an employee, a partner, and a mother. The three life spheres may spell contradictory expectations, demands, and rewards. The aim of this article is to examine self-rated health (SRH) and psychological distress of Finnish women aged 30 to 49 years. In addition to the number of roles the respondent occupies, the quality and the characteristics of each role are analyzed. The employee role is most strongly associated with SRH, whereas job control (jc) is the most important work characteristic. The partner role and, in more detail, support from partner determines psychological distress most significantly. Multiple-role occupancy is associated with good SRH. This, however, appears to be a cumulative effect of the individual roles and mostly not due to interactions between the roles the women occupy.

Key Words: self-rated health • psychological distress • roles • women

This version was published on August 1, 2009

Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 30, No. 8, 1122-1150 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0192513X08329597
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